Tuesday, May 5, 2015

Grace Lee Whitney - RIP

Grace - "I'll see you in my dreams"

Lonely days are long

Twilight sings a song

All the happiness that used to be

Soon my eyes will close

Soon I'll find repose

And in dreams

You're always near to me

I'll see you in my dreams

Hold you in my dreams

Someone took you right out of my arms

Still I feel the thrill of your charms

Lips that once were mine

Tender eyes that shine

They will light my way tonight

I'll see you in my dreams

Lips that once were mine

Tender eyes that shine

They will light my way tonight

I'll see you in my dreams

They will light my lonely way tonight

I'll...see you in my dreams

I'll See You in My Dreams

(AP) — Grace Lee Whitney, who played Captain Kirk's assistant on the original Star Trek series, has died. She was 85.

Whitney died of natural causes Friday in her home in the Central California town of Coarsegold, about 50 miles north of Fresno, her son Jonathan Dweck said on Sunday.

Whitney played Yeoman Janice Rand in the first eight episodes before being written out of the series. In her 1998 autobiography The Longest Trek: My Tour of the Galaxy, she wrote that her acting career largely came to an end and she became an alcoholic.

She wrote that she struggled with her addiction for many years before getting treatment and regaining her career with the help of Leonard Nimoy, who starred as Spock in the series.

She returned for the movie franchise, reprising her role in Star Trek: The Motion Picture, Star Trek III: The Search for Spock, Star Trek IV: The Voyage Home and Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country.

Dweck said his mother would have liked to be remembered more as a successful survivor of addiction than for her Star Trek fame. She dedicated the last 35 years of her life helping people with addiction problems, some of whom she met at Star Trekconventions, he said.

"Over time, she became appreciative of her short time on Star Trek because she developed meaningful relationships with the fans, Leonard Nimoy and other cast members," Dweck said.

Besides Jonathan, she was survived by her other son, Scott Dweck.

(USA Today)

Pat Condell - We have a democracy problem

Pat Condell is a writer, comedian and Internet personality. He performed alternative comedy shows during the 1980s and 1990s in the United Kingdom, and won a Time Out Comedy Award in 1991. He was also a regular panellist on BBC Radio 1's "Loose Talk".

From early 2007, he began posting short monologues denouncing religion to a number of video sharing websites. His videos have been featured on many websites, including YouTube and LiveLeak. They have also been published on DVD, and also as a book of video transcripts. As of March, 2015, Condell's YouTube channel has over 233,038 subscribers and 56 million video views.

We have a problem with democracy

Pat Condell hits a home run about elections in general and the coming British election.

.
"I'm beginning to understand how Americans must have felt living under King George. What was that again - no taxation without representation? The War of Independence wasn't America against England. It was Englishmen resisting the oppressive regime of their autocratic German king - asserting their human rights, in modern parlance. America may be a melting pot now, but it began with a defence of age-old English liberties; liberties that were promptly written into the Constitution - something we never got around to doing in Britain, so we no longer enjoy the same liberties Americans do. We don't have a constitution."
.
"We don't have a First Amendment. What we have, and what the whole of Europe has, is the Lisbon Treaty, a kind of top-down constitution that has been imposed on us against our will. And, unlike the American Constitution which empowers the people, the European constitution disempowers the people, and empowers the unelected bureaucrats and career politicians for whose sole benefit it was created."
.
Pat Condell

Sharia Law - Riding motorbikes banned, 'could lead to sinful acts'

Quote of the Decade

"So, I hope the Hindus have it right, because if there's any justice in this world, you (Islamists) will be reincarnated as a female, homosexual Jew, and then you'll find out what a pain it is having to deal with violent, primitive dickheads like you. (to domestically violent Muslim men)"

Pat Condell

(Telegraph) - A district in Indonesia's Aceh has banned unmarried men and women from riding together on motorbikes, a lawmaker said Monday, amid fears that the practice "could lead to sinful acts".

In the latest new Islamic regulation in the conservative province, MPs in North Aceh district last week approved the regulation, which will come into effect in a year.

Lawmaker Fauzan Hamzah said authorities were making "efforts to implement sharia law fully".

"Unmarried people sitting closely together on a motorcycle is clearly against Islamic sharia as it could lead to sinful acts," Mr Hamzah told AFP.

Aceh, on the northern tip of Sumatra island, is the only province in the world's most populous Muslim-majority country that is allowed to implement Islamic law, and gay sex, gambling and drinking alcohol are already punishable by caning.

The province began implementing sharia law after being granted special autonomy in 2001, an effort by the central government in Jakarta to quell a long-running separatist insurgency.

The latest move to ban shared motorbike rides, which will affect more than 500,000 people on North Aceh, came after one city in Aceh in 2013 prohibited women from straddling male drivers on motorbikes, requiring that they ride side-saddle instead.

The new regulation was the most eye-catching in a series of Islamic bylaws approved in North Aceh on Thursday, which also included a ban on live music performances and the separation of male and female students in school.

The new rules will take effect in May 2016 after a one-year grace period.

Monday, May 4, 2015

Iraqis fly Russian jets into battle - ISIS battles for oil refinery

Obama Starves Iraq

Again, if Russia and Iran are helping Iraq and Syria then who is supplying expensive weapons to ISIS? Spell it out: C-I-A.
Iraq and the Kurds are being starved by Comrade Obama and our Congress. After all, why would you want to defeat ISIS when they are your creation in the first place?

(Bradenton Herald) - Militants from the Islamic State have taken control of half Iraq’s largest oil refinery and have cut supply lines to the 150 or so government troops who are holding out inside the facility, witnesses reported Saturday.

The surprise Islamic State advance came despite U.S.-led aerial bombardment of Islamic State positions in the central Iraqi city of Baiji, where the refinery is located, and is a reminder of the precarious security situation in central Iraq where elite government troops are stretched thin battling Islamic State forces.

Speaking from inside the facility, an Iraqi officer who asked not to be named because he was not authorized to talk to a reporter said government troops were running low on food, water and ammunition. He said the situation was chaotic after 11 months of nearly unbroken siege.

He said Islamic State fighters control “all the major buildings,” 80 percent of the watchtowers around the facility, and had flanked government positions with “snipers and suicide bombers driving heavily armored car bombs.”

Heavy Firefights Between Iraqi Army And IS In Baiji

He appealed for the government in Baghdad to send supplies, ammunition and air cover. “We have been under siege for four days without any major coalition air strike assistance inside the facility,” he said.

The Baiji refinery remains one of the most important economic assets in Iraq, even though it has been shut down since last summer, when Islamic State fighters first began trying to capture it. Before last June, it produced about half Iraq’s production of refined products, such as gasoline. In addition to lost revenue, the government’s inability to operate it has forced it to import hundreds of millions of dollars of gasoline.

The loss of the facility, either if captured or seriously damaged, would be a crippling blow to the government and a huge strategic success for the Islamic State. The facility would require billions of dollars and years to replace.

The Iraqi Defense ministry refused to comment on the situation at the refinery, but a member of the governing council for Salahuddin province, where Baiji is located, admitted Islamic State forces had breached the perimeter, but denied that much of the facility was under their control.

“There are conflicting reports about Daash’s control,” the council member, Adnan Ibrahim, said, using the Arabic acronym for the Islamic State. He said earlier reports had indicated that only 10 to 30 percent of the refinery had fallen to the Islamic State. “Then last night there was the news that Daash had expanded its control and is progressing slowly into the refinery to between 30 and 40 percent of the area,” he said.

He said the key production control sections of the plant remained in government hands. “The security forces control more than 60 percent of the refinery,” he said.

Illegal aliens set up camps in central Paris

^{Bashir Suleiman and Henry John. Both are Sudanese.}

Importing Poverty

More than 3 billion people in the world live on less than $2.50 a day. But liberal guilt requires open borders until every last poor person has taken a job from a native born citizen.

(Telegraph) - Hundreds of African migrants have set up camps in the heart of Paris after their efforts to cross the Channel from Calais were thwarted by British border controls.

About 500 people, mainly Sudanese, Eritreans and Ethiopians, have pitched blue and green tents on two sites, one on the banks of the Seine near Austerlitz railway station; the other near the Eurostar terminal at the Gare du Nord.

The first few tents appeared about a year ago, but the camps have expanded rapidly in recent weeks.

Bruno Morel, the head of the Emmaus Solidarité charity, which helps the migrants in Paris, said:
"These camps are growing. We can provide initial humanitarian relief, but we need solutions for housing."

A Paris official admitted that city authorities were struggling to find a permanent solution.

Bashir Suleiman, from the conflict-torn Nuba Mountains in Sudan, said he had returned to Paris from Calais because it was more difficult to find food in the northern French port, where more than 2,000 migrants are encamped in the hope of reaching Britain.

"It's hard to cross the border and there are too many people in Calais," said Mr Suleiman, 36. "It's better here, they give us food and a doctor comes around every two days. Many people here have come back from Calais."

Henry John, 45, also from the Nuba Mountains, a remote, inaccessible area where Sudanese government forces reportedly dropped cluster bombs on civilian areas in February and March, said he had been in Paris for three weeks.

Asked about future plans, their smiles faded and they shrugged. "We would like to go to Britain," Mr John said. "There are many Nuba people there. We can do any job. Any job at all."

Both men were farmers in Sudan and speak English but no French. Yards from their tents under the Charles de Gaulle bridge, schoolgirls took part in an outdoor dance class, showing little interest in the migrants nearby.

Read More . . . .

Illegal aliens living in tents under a subway bridge
in La Chapelle, Northern Paris

Communism - Venezuela to nationalize food distribution

"Communism doesn't work because

people like to own stuff."

Frank Zappa

(AFP) - Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro has promised to nationalize food distribution in the South American nation beset with record shortages of basic goods, runaway inflation and an escalating economic crisis.

During a rally Friday, on International Workers' Day, the socialist leader allowed a union activist to ask for the nationalization of food and essential-item distribution.

Citing new decree-making powers recently granted by the National Assembly, Maduro said he would carry out such a measure "in the coming days and weeks."

Maduro had pledged earlier in the week to announce economic reforms.

Various estimates suggest the government already controls about half of the country's food distribution, but that hasn't stopped record shortages in shops and markets.

Venezuela is struggling with a recession, 68.5-percent annual inflation and severe shortages of the basic goods that it relies on oil money to import.

On any given day, people in Venezuela can wait hours to get some subsidized milk, cooking oil, milk or flour -- if they can be found at all.

Maduro's government is strapped for cash in the face of a global supply glut that caused oil prices to collapse by more than 50 percent between June and January.

Nonetheless, Maduro also announced a 30-percent increase in public wages on Friday.

Free Market Economics Spreading in China

"The Road to Serfdom" popular among Chinese students

In this interview, Jing Jin, Associate Dean at the China Economics and Management Academy in Beijing, discusses how Mises and Rothbard have affected her academic work, and how Austrian economics is gaining traction in China today.

Mises Institute: How did you first learn about Austrian economics and the Mises Institute?

Jing Jin: I will give you a little background of myself to provide some context of my answers. I earned my undergrad degree in China where I majored in economics. Then I earned my masters of Public Policy at Georgetown University, plus a PhD. of East Asian Studies and International Economics at Johns Hopkins (SAIS). I also worked at the World Bank Research Group in Washington D.C. as a consultant for two and half years. I came back to Asia in 2004 and worked in UBS, Lehman Brothers, and J.P.Morgan. All were based in Hong Kong. I worked in the banking industry in Hong Kong until late last year.

Several months after I had gone over to J.P. Morgan from Lehman Brothers, came the 2008 financial crisis. Obviously anyone with some degree of intellectual curiosity was curious about the true cause (you may be surprised how many sell-side analysts simply wrote it off as part of natural order of the world), and all sorts of analyzes in media and academics did not seem satisfying. I had a hunch that the cause of this crisis had more to do with the government policies rather than the reactionary behavior of the economic agents in the society.

Then I came across two research papers, which directed my attention to the term “Austrian school of economics.” The first paper discussed why the interest rate level was so much lower than real GDP growth rate in emerging markets than that in the developed ones, in particularly the case with China. Applying the Austrian theory of capital and interest appropriately, the paper provided a sensibly simple answer — higher savings rate drove down real interest rate and therefore drove up investment and capital deepening (in China household savings rate ranges from 25 to 35 percent since the start of the economic reforms). The second academic paper discussed the heterogeneous nature of capital in the Austrian school framework. all of these made total sense to me and was intuitive as well as logical.

While I no longer work for J.P. Morgan, somehow the entrepreneurial spirit inside me has been activated (I like to think this also has something to do with Austrian economics). I am currently planning to launch a business to direct international investors to invest in Chinese firms via Hong Kong, sticking to the Austrian teaching that the private sector realizes its greatest potential where the market is least hampered.

MI: Do students in China learn about Austrian economics at the universities?

JJ: The answer to this question is not as simple as it seems and certainly not a yes or no one. Also, universities by far are not representative enough in terms of the Chinese people’s exposure to Austrian economics. I therefore take the liberty to answer this question by not limiting it to university teaching.

I have the impression that Chinese readers overall are not completely unfamiliar with some of the literature of the Austrian school, but their knowledge is of an ad hoc and non-systematic fashion. The Road to Serfdom by Hayek has been widely read by several generations of Chinese students, and with the exception of the Cultural Revolution period from 1966 to 1976, it was commonly read by those who went to high school and university in the 50s, early 60s, late 70s, and 80s.

The use of Austrian economics in class varies case-by-case depending on personal preferences of the professors. I heard from a friend that some of her professors openly discussed Austrian economics in class. But I don’t recall this happened to me when I was in college. Personally, I feel that Chinese bureaucracies and mainstream teaching methods treat the Austrian school either as just a type of institutional economics, and some go as far as to understand the Austrian school as just a subset of “western economics.”

In university curricula from the 1950s to the 1990s, “Western economics” is a classification along ideological lines whereas all those non-Marxist approaches ranging from Keynes to Milton Friedman are included. I know, oddly enough, Karl Marx was a Western guy too.

The neo-classical framework has dominated Chinese universities since the first decade of this millennium, and the discussion of Austrian school thoughts seemed to subside on campus.

Read More . . . .

Sunday, May 3, 2015

The Baltimore Riots of 1812 - Mob Rule in American Politics

Baltimore "War Dance" Riots
Maryland Historical Society

Free Speech is "Treason"

Baltimore mobs of Jeffersonian Democrat-Republicans

riot and attack anti-war Federalists.

Mass law breaking and mob riots are a staple of American political life from the Tea Party to the New York Draft riots to 1992 Los Angeles.

The Baltimore Riots of 1812 were a particularly gruesome example of the opposition to the war and of the conflicts of interest among the American people.

Many didn’t approve of “Mr. Madison’s War,” as it was often referred to. This opposition paralleled the political division between the Federalist and the Democratic-Republican parties. The tension between the two parties had only grown in the wake of the war declaration and the upcoming national elections.

The rabid Democrat-Republican War Hawks based in the South and West screamed for war in order to steal land for the expansion of Southern slavery or to give "free" land to Northern and Western voters . . . I mean farmers. It would be wrong to say that politicians might vote for war just to re-distribute someone else's wealth to their voter base.

The Maryland legislature was sharply divided – in Annapolis the State Senate passed resolutions approving the war; the House disapproved them.

Finally on June 18, 1812 a bitterly divided Congress declared war on Great Britain. The vote was far from unanimous: 79-49 in the House and 19-13 in the Senate.

Even with war declared opposition to the fight continued throughout American society. But free speech often comes with a price.

Jeffersonians Shutting Down a Free Press
The anti-war Baltimore Federalist Party newspaper
the Federal Republican is attacked by mobs.

Many members of Thomas Jefferson's Democratic-Republican Party viewed opposition as treasonous or near-treasonous once war was declared. The Washington National Intelligencer wrote that, "WAR IS DECLARED, and every patriot heart must unite in its support... or die without due cause." The Augusta Chronicle wrote that, "he who is not for us is against us."

This sentiment was especially strong in Baltimore, at the time a boomtown with a large population of recent French, Irish, and German immigrants who especially hated Britain. In early 1812, several riots took place, centering around the anti-war Federalist newspaper the Federal Republican. Its offices were destroyed by a mob.

Alexander Hanson
A pro-war Jeffersonian mob destroyed his
Federalist newspaper, beat him and left him for
dead. Voters reacted by electing Hanson to
Congress and then the U.S. Senate.

Local and city officials, all war hawks, expressed disapproval of the violence, but did little to stop it. When the editors of Federal Republican tried to return, they were removed from protective custody in a jail by a mob, on the night of July 27, and tortured; one Revolutionary War veteran, James Lingan, died of his injuries. Opponents of the war then largely ceased to openly express their opposition in Baltimore.

Riots in Baltimore

The attack in June 1812 on the offices of The Federal Republican, a Baltimore newspaper with anti-war sentiments.

Federalists who opposed the war, like editor Alexander C. Hanson, were seen by the mob as unpatriotic towards the new government, already experiencing the tension of the upcoming presidential election.

When Madison officially declared war on England on June 18, 1812, Hanson used “all the eloquence at his command”and publish in the paper the following statement on June 20: “Thou has done a deed whereat valour will weep.” The statement enraged war supporters in Baltimore, those Democratic-Republicans in favor of Madison. A mere two days later "the printing office occupied by the editors of that paper was pulled down, and their press destroyed” by a violent mob of protesters.

Hanson refused to back down and bend to the will of the mob, so he elevated his efforts to continue publishing and printing. He took refuge in a house on Charles Street, loaned to him by a co-worker, and operated a press there. He continued in relative peace for about a month, but soon the mob rallied against Hanson again. This time, however, Hanson tried to prepare for an encounter.

Expecting some retaliation, he wrote to a number of Federalist friends, seeking aid. A number of them, including “General James M. Lingan … General Harry Lee, Captain Richard Crabb, Dr. P Warfield, Charles J Kilgour, Otho Sprig, Ephraim Gaither, & John Howard Payne,” came to Baltimore and took up residence with Hanson. These men were present on Monday night, July 27, when the mob struck once again.

General “Light-Horse Harry” Lee
The hero of the American Revolution was tortured
by the pro-war Jeffersonian mob.

General Henry Lee, or “Light-Horse Harry” Lee, was directly involved with the War of 1812, but not for any reason one might expect from the Revolutionary War hero. A “die-hard Federalist,”i “Light-Horse Harry” was among the group of men who spoke up against the war and President Madison. Harry had been given a commission as major-general for the war and planned on fighting, but his plans to leave for the frontier fell through after the dreadful events of the Baltimore riots.

General Henry Lee was pulled into the unfortunate circumstances of the Baltimore Riots through his friendship with Mr. Hanson. In a deposition, John Howard Wayne, another one of Hanson’s friends present in the Charles Street house during the riots, stated that General Lee’s presence had been much desired by Hanson, for he came with previous military experience of protecting a house: “He [Hanson] adduced the case of Gen. Lee, who, during the revolutionary war, Took possession of a house in which he repelled with only ten men a large body of British Regulars.”

However Hanson may have convinced Gen. Lee to attend him in Baltimore, Lee’s replying letter makes it apparent that Hanson was seeking out military advice for protection. Lee wrote that he fully supported Hanson’s cause of protecting the freedom of the press and offered many specific tips as to help fortify the house on Charles Street:

“Put in the most retired room in the upper story cartridge made of the best powder, with ball and swan shot – these with a number of spare flints chosen with care, reserve for the hour of trial, if that hour should come. Prepare also cartridges with small shot to apply wherever it can be done without encouraging the mob by their experience of their innocence–collect a ton or two of large stones in your cellar, placing some of them close to the windows over the outer doors of the house, to be rolled down on the assailants when forced forward through the pressure of those behind–water and biscuit be sure to have in abundance.”

After the arrival of “Light-Horse Harry” Lee at the house, the gentlemen make good use of Lee’s suggestions, for in Wayne’s deposition, he mentioned that Gen. Lee had written a list of names of those responsible for defending each of the different rooms in the house.

The General’s military fortitude did not end up saving Hanson and his friends from their situation. When the newspaper was distributed on Monday, July 27, 1812, that evening the mob formed outside the Charles Street house and grew increasingly dangerous. Hanson and his house guests prepared to defend their stations within the house, but held off in hopes that the police force would arrive on the scene.

“They thought rather of their rights than of the prudence of a further effort to assert them, and resolved still to defend the house, indulging the hope too that no further violence would be attempted after this experience.”

This assumption was wrong, and, eventually, Hanson, Lee, and the other men in the house agreed to be escorted out by Mayor Johnson and General Stricker. They were assured that they would be kept in the public jail as a safe house, away from the mob should it return for revenge.

What occurred that night at the jail would become an infamous example of the horrors caused by the Baltimore riots. Hanson came up with the plan to put out the lights and rush the mob in the hope that the confusion would allow them enough time to escape.

The result was total chaos as the mob beat the group of Federalists senseless and murdered General Lingan. The mob tortured the men, “sticking penknives into their faces and hands, and opening their eyes and dropping hot candle grease into them."

Maryland Governor Levin Winder
Maryland voters reacted harshly to the riots and
elected Federalist Levin Winder as Governor
that November. He was the first of three
Federalist Governors elected in a row.

There was no mistaking the mob’s intentions – they left the men for dead, piled up the unconscious bodies and planned to return the next morning to hang them as public examples of Federalist aggression.

General Lee suffered from a long list of injuries after the mob attack:

“While Gen. Lee’s mangled body lay exposed upon the bare earth, one of the [attackers] attempted to cut off his nose but missed his aim, though he thereby gave him a bad wound in the nose. Either the same person or another attempted to thrust a knife into the eye of Gen. Lee, who had again raised himself up. The knife glanced on the cheek bone.”

Harry Lee never fully recovered from his wounds after the riot. He quelled the rampant rumors of his supposed death by the mob and re-asserted his political stance as a Federalist by writing up his own Correct Account of the Conduct of the Baltimore Mob once he had recovered enough. In the account, Harry Lee proclaimed his intentions were to

“call to the knowledge of our citizens generally, as much accurate information respecting the hideous and diabolical struggle of the leaders of the dominant party, as will contribute to guard well the public mind, against any and every future attempt, to trample upon the rights of private citizens.”

To try and recover from his injuries “Light-Horse Harry” Lee set sail for the West Indies. Lee only lived five more years after the start of the war and the Baltimore incident, still suffering from health issues until his death in 1818.

The Presidential election of 1812.

A Nation Divided by "Mr. Madison's War"

In 1808 James Madison racked up 64.7% of the popular vote for President. But only four months after declaring war on Britain in June of 1812 angry voters dropped his percentage down to only 50.4% with a fusion Federalist Party ticket amassing 47.6% of the vote.

In Maryland a resurgent Federalist Party swept the elections for the state legislature, elected a Federalist Governor, five Federalist Congressmen (including newspaper published Hanson) and Federalist Robert Goldsborough to the U.S. Senate.

__________________________________

The Federalist eagle prevents Jefferson from burning the Constitution
on the alter of despotism and mob rule.

Life, Liberty and Property.

“Citizens choose your sides. You who are for French notions of government; for the tempestuous sea of anarchy and misrule; for arming the poor against the rich; for fraternizing with the foes of God and man; go to the left and support the leaders, or the dupes, of the anti-federal junto. But you that are sober, industrious, thriving, and happy, give your votes for those men who mean to preserve the union of the states, the purity and vigor of our excellent Constitution, the sacred majesty of the laws, and the holy ordinances of religion.” - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - A New York Federalist Newspaper (Spring of 1800)

The Federalist Party was the first American political party. In Presidential politics the Federalists operated from the early 1790s to 1816, the era of the First Party System. Remnants of the Party lasted until 1830. The Federalists totally controlled the Federal government until 1801.

The party was formed by Alexander Hamilton, who, during George Washington's first term, built a network of supporters, largely urban bankers and businessmen, to support his Conservative fiscal policies. These supporters grew into the Federalist Party committed to a fiscally sound and nationalistic government. The United States' only Federalist President was John Adams; although George Washington was broadly sympathetic to the Federalist program, he remained an independent his entire presidency.

Read some profiles of the great Federalist leaders who helped build a free United States.

THE FEDERALIST - The 1816 Presidential Election in Pennsylvania and New Hampshire
.
THE FEDERALIST - James Buchanan - Our Last Federalist Party President
.
THE FEDERALIST - John Eager Howard - Revolutionary War Patriot

THE FEDERALIST - Jonathan Dayton - Founding Father

The Revolution of American Conservatism - The Federalist Party in the Era of Jeffersonian Democracy

THE FEDERALIST - General Philip Schuyler - Revolutionary War Patriot

THE FEDERALIST - Founding Father Jared Ingersoll

THE FEDERALIST - General William Richardson Davie

THE FEDERALIST - General Thomas Pinckney

THE FEDERALIST - Josiah Quincy III - Federalist Patriot
.
THE FEDERALIST - Robert Goodloe Harper - "Millions for defense, but not one cent for tribute."

THE FEDERALIST - Edmund Randolph - Founding Father

THE FEDERALIST - Colonel Benjamin Tallmadge - George Washington's Spy

THE FEDERALIST - Colonel John Hoskins Stone

THE FEDERALIST - Revolutionary War General Henry Lee

THE FEDERALIST - John Quincy Adams

THE FEDERALIST - Thomas Jefferson and political attack ads

Thomas Pinckney, Federalist

Commissioned as captain in the 1st South Carolina Regiment of the Continental Army. After seeing much action, he became an aide-de-camp to General Horatio Gates. He was captured by the British at the disastrous Battle of Camden in 1780. After recovering from his wounds, he was released in a prisoner exchange. In 1781 he fought under Lafayette in Virginia. Appointed by President George Washington to be the U.S. minister to Great Britain served as Envoy Extraordinary to Spain. The Federalist Party made him a candidate in the 1796 presidential election as the intended running-mate of John Adams. Served as Congressman and Governor of South Carolina. Served as a major general in the Army during the War of 1812.

Henry Lee III, Federalist

Major General "Light-Horse Harry" Lee fought at the battles of Paulus Hook, Guilford Court House, Eutaw Springs, Yorktown and the Whiskey Rebellion. Federalist Congressman from Virginia, Governor of Virginia. Father of Robert E. Lee. In 1812 Lee was attacked by a Jeffersonian mob of Democratic-Republicans while defending a Federalist newspaper from attack. Lee and the other Federalists were beaten and tortured by the mob over the next three hours. Lee was left partially blinded after hot wax was poured into his eyes. The men were left for dead. All were severely injured, and one Federalist, General James Lingan, died.

Frederick Frelinghuysen, Federalist

In the War of Independence he served in the New Jersey militia as an artillery captain, seeing action at Trenton and Monmouth. Attained the rank of colonel. Member of the Continental Congress. Served in the New Jersey General Assembly. Member of the New Jersey convention that ratified the United States Constitution in 1787. President George Washington appointed him as brigadier general in the United States Army for the 1790 campaign against the western Indians. Commissioned major general in the New Jersey militia in 1794, during the Whiskey Rebellion. Elected to the United States Senate.

Stephen Van Rensselaer, Federalist

Van Rensselaer served in the New York Assembly and Senate. He served as the Federalist Lt. Governor under John Jay. In 1786, Van Rensselaer was made a major of the militia. As a Major General in the War of 1812 he led an army in an invasion of Canada and fought at the Battle of Queenston Heights. In 1813 Van Rensselaer was the Federalist candidate for Governor of New York earning 48% of the vote. A shift of only 1,800 votes would have made him Governor. In 1822 he was elected to Congress as a Federalist serving until 1829.

WILLIAM PATERSON, Federalist

James Hillhouse, Federalist

Hillhouse served as captain in Governor's Foot Guards in the Revolutionary War. He was a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives, Congressman from Connecticut at-large, 1791–96, and a Federalist Party U. S. Senator from Connecticut, 1796–1810. He was the anti-slavery leader of the Congress in the early days of the Republic. After the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, Hillhouse fought to bar the importation of slaves into the Louisiana Territory. "I consider slavery as a serious evil," he proclaimed, "and wish to check it wherever I have authority." Two of Hillhouse's amendments restricting slavery passed the Congress and were signed into law.

Oliver Ellsworth, Federalist

In 1777 he was chosen as one of Connecticut's representatives in the Continental Congress. Served at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia as a delegate from Connecticut. On June 20, 1787 he proposed the use of the name the United States to identify the nation under the authority of the Constitution. United States Senator from Connecticut. Ellsworth was the principal exponent in the Senate of Alexander Hamilton's economic program. In 1796 Ellsworth was appointed by President George Washington to be Chief Justice of the United States. Served as United States Envoy Extraordinary to the Court of France. Ellsworth was a candidate in the 1796 United States Presidential election, receiving eleven votes in the electoral college.

Robert Goodloe Harper, Federalist

At the age of fifteen, Harper joined a volunteer corps of Cavalry and served in the American Revolutionary Army. Harper was elected as a Federalist Congressman from South Carolina (1795 - 1801). In 1798 at a dinner in Philadelphia honoring John Marshall, a group of U.S. Congressmen were discussing a recent demand made by the government of France. French vessels had been plundering US ships in a piratical manner. French foreign minister Talleyrand said the attacks would be stopped if the US paid him $250,000 and gave France 50,000 pounds sterling and a $100 million loan. As toasts were made, Harper sent his own defiant reply to the French with this toast: “Millions for defense but not one cent for tribute.” Harper served in the War of 1812, attaining the rank of major general. He moved to Maryland and was elected as a Federalist to the US Senate. He was an unsuccessful Federalist candidate for Vice President in the 1816 election. He also received one electoral vote for Vice President in the 1820 election.

Jacob Read, Federalist

Alexander Contee Hanson, Federalist

Member of the Maryland House of Delegates. Editor of the "Federal Republican", a Federalist Party newspaper in Baltimore. Four days after the beginning of the War of 1812 a mob of pro-war Democrat-Republicans destroyed his newspaper office. The paper moved to another building where Hanson was joined by a group of armed allies. When that building was besieged by another mob, Hanson and his group fired, killing two. Hanson and his group surrendered to the militia and were escorted to jail. That evening yet another mob stormed the jail. Hanson was beaten and left for dead. Hanson was elected as a Federalist to Congress in 1812 and 1814. In 1816 he was elected as a Federalist to represent Maryland in the U.S. Senate until his death in 1819 at the age of 33.

William Bingham, Federalist

As a merchant he brought full loads of munitions & guns for the war. Served as a diplomat for Congress to France. Bingham marshaled the Second Troop of Philadelphia Light Horse. He served in the Continental Congress, 1st Speaker of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, State Senator, and US Senator. Federalists agreed to hold preliminary votings at the Bingham Estate before propositions were brought before Congress publicly, thus creating unanimity among party lines. Alexander Hamilton sought Bingham as his mentor in managing taxes, tariffs, and in constructing a national bank.

Ezekiel Whitman, Federalist

Whitman practiced law in New Gloucester, Maine and in Portland, Maine (both communities a district of Massachusetts until 1820). In 1808 Whitman was elected as a Federalist Congressman from Massachusetts and served one term. In 1816 he was again elected as a Federalist to the US House serving from 1817 to 1821. In 1819 he was a delegate to the convention that prepared the constitution which led to Maine's statehood. In 1820 he was elected as a Federalist Congressman from the new state of Maine serving until 1822. Chief Justice of the Maine Supreme Court from 1841 to 1848.

David Cobb, Federalist

Cobb studied medicine in Boston and practiced in Taunton, Massachusetts. He was a member of the Massachusetts Provincial Congress in 1775; lieutenant colonel of Jackson’s regiment in 1777 and 1778, serving in Rhode Island and New Jersey; was aide-de-camp on the staff of General George Washington; appointed major general of militia in 1786. Fought in the New York and New Jersey Campaign, the Battles of Springfield, Monmouth, Rhode Island and Shay's Rebellion. He served the Federalist Party as Lt. Governor of Massachusetts, President of the State Senate and Congressman.

Josiah Parker, Federalist

In 1775 Parker enlisted in the Continental Army. He was commissioned a major in the 5th Virginia Regiment in 1776 and became its colonel in 1778. His regiment served in Virginia under General Charles Lee and was transferred to George Washington. The regiment thereafter saw action at the Battles of Trenton, Princeton, Brandywine, Germantown, Monmouth and the Siege of Charleston. During Cornwallis's Virginia campaign in 1781, the notorious Colonel Tarleton ransacked his home. He was elected to the First US Congress from Virginia serving for twelve years.

William Stephens Smith, Federalist

Smith married Abigail "Nabby" Adams, the daughter of President John Adams, and so was a brother-in-law of President John Quincy Adams, and an uncle of Charles Francis Adams. Served in the Revolutionary Army as aide-de-camp to General John Sullivan. Fought in the Battle of Long Island, was wounded at Harlem Heights, Battle of White Plains, was promoted to lieutenant colonel at the Battle of Trenton, fought at the Battle of Monmouth and Newport. He was on the staff of General Lafayette, became an adjutant in the Corps of Light Infantry, then transferred to the staff of George Washington. Elected as a Federalist Congressman from New York.

Oliver Wolcott, Jr., Federalist

John Rutledge, Jr., Federalist

Rutledge served as Congressman from South Carolina. A passionate Federalist, he supported Aaron Burr against Jefferson, founding the Charleston Courier (predecessor of the Post and Courier) to support his causes. Joining the South Carolina Militia in 1799, Rutledge served as commander of the Twenty-eighth Regiment in the War of 1812. He subsequently commanded the Seventh Brigade from 1816 until his death. Rutledge's life was fraught with controversy. Catching his wife (mother to his nine children) in a "clandestine visit" with Dr. Horace Senter, Rutledge challenged him to a duel, fatally wounding the doctor.

John Sergeant, Federalist

Member of the Pennsylvania state house of representatives 1808-1810; elected as a Federalist to Congress and served from 1815, to 1823. Sergeant was a strong backer of Henry Clay's American System and the Second Bank of the United States, and even traveled to Europe to negotiate loans to the Bank. He was a strong opponent of slavery who voted against the Missouri Compromise. In 1826 he was an envoy to the Panama Congress. Elected to Congress as an Adams candidate 1827 to 1829. Failing re-election he became legal counsel to the Bank of the United States. Sergeant was the Vice Presidential running mate in Henry Clay's campaign on the National Republican ticket in 1832. Elected as a Whig to Congress serving from 1837 to 1841.

John Laurance, Federalist

Philip Barton Key, Federalist

Key had been a Loyalist in the American Revolution. He served in the Maryland Loyalists Battalion as a captain. Key fought with the British Army from 1777 to 1781, until he was captured by the Spanish in Pensacola, Florida with the rest of his battalion. After the war he served as Mayor of Annapolis & member of the Maryland House of Delegates. Appointed a Federal Judge by John Adams. He was a Counsel to Justice Samuel Chase during Chase's Jefferson ordered impeachment show-trial in 1805. Elected as a Federalist to Congress from Maryland (1807 - 1813). Francis Scott Key was his nephew.